Neanderthal

Neanderthals are an extinct species or subspecies of archaic humans who lived in Eurasia until about 40,000 years ago. While the cause of their extinction remains "highly contested", demographic factors like small population size, inbreeding, and random fluctuations are considered likely factors. Other scholars have proposed competitive replacement, assimilation into the modern human genome, great climatic change, disease, or a combination of these factors. It is unclear when the line of Neanderthals split from that of modern humans; studies have produced various intervals ranging from 315,000 to more than 800,000 years ago. The time of divergence of Neanderthals from their ancestor H. heidelbergensis is also unclear. The oldest potential Neanderthal bones date to 430,000 years ago, but the classification remains uncertain. Neanderthals are known from numerous fossils, especially from after 130,000 years ago.

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Genetic analysis of Neanderthal named for Tolkien character reveals history of inbreeding

Genome of Neanderthal fossil reveals lost tribe cut off for millennia

An ancient Neanderthal lineage remained isola - EurekAlert

Rare archaeological site reveals 'surprising' Neanderthal behaviour at Pyrenees foothills

Rare archaeological site reveals ‘surprising’ Neanderthal behaviour at Pyrenees foothills - EurekAlert

Cooking Like Cavemen: What Neanderthal Food Tells Us About Their Lives

Cook like a Neanderthal: Scientists try to replicate ancient butchering methods to learn how Neanderthals ate birds - EurekAlert

Neanderthal cooking skills put to the test with birds and stone tools

Neanderthal child may have had Down’s syndrome

Fossilized Bone of Neanderthal With 'Down Syndrome' Challenges Ideas of Prehistoric Care

Neanderthal DNA Exists in Humans, But One Piece Is Mysteriously Missing

50,000-year-old Neanderthal bones harbor oldest-known human viruses

'More Neanderthal than human': How your health may depend on DNA from our long-lost ancestors

Oldest known human viruses found in 50,000-year-old Neanderthal remains

Oldest known human viruses found hidden within Neanderthal bones

Face of 75,000-year-old Neanderthal woman revealed

Astonishing images show how female Neanderthal may have looked

75,000-year-old female Neanderthal from cave where species buried their dead

Genomes of modern Indian people include wide range of Neanderthal DNA