Galaxy

A galaxy is a system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, dark matter, bound together by gravity. The word is derived from the Greek galaxias, literally 'milky', a reference to the Milky Way galaxy that contains the Solar System. Galaxies, averaging an estimated 100 million stars, range in size from dwarfs with less than a hundred million stars, to the largest galaxies known – supergiants with one hundred trillion stars, each orbiting its galaxy's center of mass. Most of the mass in a typical galaxy is in the form of dark matter, with only a few percent of that mass visible in the form of stars and nebulae. Supermassive black holes are a common feature at the centres of galaxies. Galaxies are categorized according to their visual morphology as elliptical, spiral, or irregular. Many are thought to have supermassive black holes at their centers. The Milky Way's central black hole, known as Sagittarius A, has a mass four million times greater than the Sun.

Read more in the app

A galaxy seems to host two giant black holes, poised to collide in a century

Galaxy starves its supermassive black hole, loses 95% of its brightness

Astronomers Find a Third Galaxy Missing Its Dark Matter, Validating a Violent Cosmic Collision Theory

NASA reveals that the Milky Way's Enormous 4 Million Solar Mass Black Hole has a predicted "Awakening" in about 2 billion years, triggered by the future collision and merger of the Large Magellanic Cloud with our galaxy.

Black Hole Runs Out of Gas, Rapidly Dims its Galaxy

How Plants Could Betray Themselves Across the Galaxy

Astronomers reconstruct a galaxy’s 12-billion-year history using chemical clues

Image: NASA's Hubble and Webb Telescopes survey the Pinwheel Galaxy

Astronomers Just Reconstructed a Galaxy’s 12-Billion-Year History

A galaxy next door is transforming, and astronomers can see it happening

A galaxy next door is transforming, and astronomers can see it happening - EurekAlert!

Stunning Image Reveals The Heart of Our Galaxy Like Never Before

The Sun joined a mass migration of similar “twins” leaving the core regions of our galaxy, 4 to 6 billion years ago

The 'invisible giant' at the heart of our galaxy | Space photo of the day for March 11, 2026

Our Galaxy Floats Inside a 'Pancake' Made of Dark Matter, Astronomers Discover

What is a galaxy? That's a surprisingly difficult question to answer

'Milky Way season' is underway. How, when to see center of our galaxy

Astronomers detect galaxy thought to be made of 99% dark matter

The Coldest "Stars" in the Galaxy Might Actually Be Alien Megastructures

James Webb spots a galaxy with tentacles in deep space