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Brain Scans Reveal a Surprise About Neanderthal Intelligence


In 1857, the German anatomist Hermann Schaaffhausen analyzed a human fossil with "an extraordinary form" that he had never seen before – not in "existing European stocks", he wrote, or "even in the most barbarous races." The curious cranium had been unearthed the year before, just east of Düsseldorf, in Germany's Neander Valley.

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